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Ethyl+3,5-dichloro-4-propoxybenzoate
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Ethyl+3,5-dichloro-4-propoxybenzoate
Catalog Number:
(10280-192)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
Caldesmon, Filamin 1, Nebulin, Plastin, ADF, Gelsolin, CapG, Dematin and Cofilin are differentially expressed Actin-binding proteins. Both muscular (CDh) and non-muscular (CD1) forms of Caldesmon bind to Actin as well as to Calmodulin and Myosin. CDh is expressed predominantly on thin filaments in smooth muscle, whereas CD1 is widely expressed in non-muscle tissues and cells. CapG, also designated Actin-regulatory protein and macrophage-capping protein, is a macrophage-specific protein that reversibly blocks the barbed ends of Actin filaments, but does not sever preformed ones. The interactions of CapG with Actin may be important in the regulation of nuclear and cytoplasmic structures. CapG is a calcium-sensitive DNA-binding protein that plays a role in macrophage function. It is expressed in macrophages and macrophage-like cells and can localize both to the nucleus and the cytoplasm.
Catalog Number:
(10255-840)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
The heredity chronic granulomatous disease (CGF) has been linked to mutations in p47-phox and p67-phox. The cytosolic proteins p47-phox and p67-phox, also designated neutrophil cytosol factor (NCF)1 and NCF2, respectively, are required for activation of the superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase in neutrophils and other phagocytic cells. During activation of the NADPH oxidase, p47-phox and p67-phox migrate to the plasma membrane where they associate with cytochrome b558 and the small G protein Rac to form the functional enzyme complex. Both p47-phox and p67-phox contain two Src homology 3 (SH3) domains. The C-terminal SH3 domain of p67-phox has been shown to interact with the proline-rich domain of p47-phox, suggesting that p47-phox may faciliate the transport of p67-phox to the membrane.
Catalog Number:
(10252-044)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
During vertebrate embryogenesis, a left right axis is established. Secreted growth factors of the TGF beta family, including gene products derived from nodal, lefty 1 and lefty 2, play crucial roles in establishing left right asymmetries. TGF beta (Transforming growth factor beta) is a pleiotropic cytokine that regulates growth and differentiation of diverse types of cells. TGF beta actions are directed by ligand induced activation of TGF beta receptors. Complexes formed move into the nucleus, where they act as components of a transcriptional complex. Lefty, a novel member of the TGF beta superfamily, inhibits TGF beta signaling. Lefty acts to inhibit phosphorylation of Smad2 following activation of the TGF beta receptor. Lefty also inhibits events downstream from R Smad phosphorylation. Lefty provides a repressed state of TGF beta responsive genes. The Lefty family is comprised of Lefty 1 and Lefty 2 in mouse, and Lefty A and Lefty B in humans. Members of the TGF beta superfamily require processing for their activation. Cleavage is therefore an essential step for Lefty activation. Lefty is synthesized as a large inactive precursor (41 Kda) that must be endoproteolytically processed to release the bioactive polypeptide (28 kDa and 34 kDa forms). The 28kDa form induces MAPK activity.
Catalog Number:
(10294-018)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
Src is the human homolog of the v-Src gene of the rous sarcoma virus, also designated avian sarcoma virus or ASV. Src was the first proto-oncogenic non-receptor tyrosine kinase characterized in human. The Src family, which has common structural motifs, is composed of nine members in vertebrates, including Src, Yes, Fgr, Frk, Fyn, Lyn, Hck, Lck and Blk. Src-family kinases transduce signals that are involved in the control of a variety of cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, motility and adhesion. Src-family ki-nases contain an amino-terminal cell membrane anchor followed by an SH3 domain and an SH2 domain, which are involved in modular association and activation, respectively. Src-family kinases, which are normally maintained in an inactive state and can be activated transiently during cellular events such as mitosis. Different subcellular localizations of Src-family kinases may be important for the regulation of specific cellular processes such as mitogenesis, cytoskeletal organization and membrane trafficking. c-Fgr is a human non-receptor tyrosine kinase family member that was discovered by using a probe toward the v-Fgr portion of the cell-derived domain of Gardner-Rasheed feline sarcoma virus. The human c-Fgr gene encodes a 529 amino acid protein.
Catalog Number:
(10485-646)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
Adipogenesis, the process of transforming pre-adipocytes into mature fat cells, is of particular interest due to the role adipocytes play in obesity and type II diabetes. Adipocytes have been shown to affect a variety of functions, including hemostasis, angiogenesis and energy balance, by secreting hormones and bioactive peptides. The FNDC3B protein, also designated FAD104 (factor for adipocyte differentiation 104) or HCV NS5A-binding protein 37, is expressed during early adipogenesis. Belonging to the FNDC3 family of proteins, FNDC3B is a 1,204 amino acid protein that contains nine fibronectin type-III domains. FNDC3B-deficient mice die within one day of birth, suggesting that FNDC3B is crucial for postpartum survival. Mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) with loss of FNDC3B function displayed a reduction in stress fiber formation, indicating a role for FNDC3B in cell proliferation, adhesion, spreading and migration.
Catalog Number:
(10486-310)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
SPP24, also known as secreted phosphoprotein 2, is a 211 amino acid secreted protein that belongs to the cystatin superfamily. Expressed in liver and plasma, SPP24 may play a role in coordinating an aspect of bone turnover. The gene that encodes SPP24 maps to human chromosome 2, which consists of 237 million bases encoding over 1,400 genes, making up approximately 8% of the human genome. A number of genetic diseases are linked to genes on chromosome 2. Harlequin icthyosis, a rare and morbid skin deformity, is associated with mutations in the ABCA12 gene. The lipid metabolic disorder sitosterolemia is associated with ABCG5 and ABCG8. An extremely rare recessive genetic disorder, Alstré°‰ syndrome is due to mutations in the ALMS1 gene. Interestingly, chromosome 2 contains what appears to be a vestigial second centromere and vestigial telomeres which gives credence to the hypothesis that human chromosome 2 is the result of an ancient fusion of two ancestral chromosomes seen in modern form today in apes.
Catalog Number:
(10478-386)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
This gene encodes a protein containing a SET domain, 2 LXXLL motifs, 3 nuclear translocation signals (NLSs), 4 plant homeodomain (PHD) finger regions, and a proline-rich region. The encoded protein enhances androgen receptor (AR) transactivation, and this enhancement can be increased further in the presence of other androgen receptor associated coregulators. This protein may act as a nucleus-localized, basic transcriptional factor and also as a bifunctional transcriptional regulator. Mutations of this gene have been associated with Sotos syndrome and Weaver syndrome. One version of childhood acute myeloid leukemia is the result of a cryptic translocation with the breakpoints occurring within nuclear receptor-binding Su-var, enhancer of zeste, and trithorax domain protein 1 on chromosome 5 and nucleoporin, 98-kd on chromosome 11. Two transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].
Catalog Number:
(10481-942)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
Cell cycle progression is subject to arrest at G1 and G2 checkpoints in response to DNA damage, presumably to allow time for DNA repair prior to entry into S and M phase, respectively. The p53 tumor suppressor is required for one such G1 checkpoint and functions to upregulate expression of GADD 45 and the mitotic inhibitory protein p21. GADD 45 stimulates DNA excision repair in vitro and inhibits entry of cells into S phase, and it apparently acts in concert with GADD 153 in inducing growth arrest. A related DNA-damage inducible gene, GADD 34 synergizes with GADD 45 or GADD 153 in suppressing cell growth. PEG-3 (progression elevated gene-3) shares significant homology with GADD 34 and is inducible by DNA damage. An additional GADD related gene, PA26, is a possible target of p53. Three isoforms of PA26 have been identified as PA26-T1, PA26-T2 and PA26-T3.
Catalog Number:
(10405-630)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
This gene, a muscle member of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily, encodes myosin light chain kinase which is a calcium/calmodulin dependent enzyme. This kinase phosphorylates myosin regulatory light chains to facilitate myosin interaction with actin filaments to produce contractile activity. This gene encodes both smooth muscle and nonmuscle isoforms. In addition, using a separate promoter in an intron in the 3' region, it encodes telokin, a small protein identical in sequence to the C-terminus of myosin light chain kinase, that is independently expressed in smooth muscle and functions to stabilize unphosphorylated myosin filaments. A pseudogene is located on the p arm of chromosome 3. Four transcript variants that produce four isoforms of the calcium/calmodulin dependent enzyme have been identified as well as two transcripts that produce two isoforms of telokin. Additional variants have been identified but lack full length transcripts. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Catalog Number:
(10353-028)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
Protein kinases are enzymes that transfer a phosphate group from a phosphate donor onto an acceptor amino acid in a substrate protein. By this basic mechanism, protein kinases mediate most of the signal transduction in eukaryotic cells, regulating cellular metabolism, transcription, cell cycle progression, cytoskeletal rearrangement and cell movement, apoptosis, and differentiation. The protein kinase family is one of the largest families of proteins in eukaryotes, classified in 8 major groups based on sequence comparison of their tyrosine (PTK) or serine/threonine (STK) kinase catalytic domains. Epidermal Growth factor receptor (EGFR) is the prototype member of the type 1 receptor tyrosine kinases. EGFR overexpression in tumors indicates poor prognosis and is observed in tumors of the head and neck, brain, bladder, stomach, breast, lung, endometrium, cervix, vulva, ovary, esophagus, stomach and in squamous cell carcinoma.
Catalog Number:
(10397-122)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
Thioredoxins (Trx) are small, multi-functional proteins with oxidoreductase activity and are ubiquitous in essentially all living cells. Trx contains a redox-active disulfide/dithiol group within the conserved Cys-Gly-Pro-Cys active site. The two cysteine residues in the conserved active centers can be oxidized to form intramolecular disulfide bonds. Reduction of the active site disulfide in oxidized Trx is catalyzed by Trx reductase with NADPH as the electron donor. The reduced Trx is a hydrogen donor for ribonucleotide reductase, the essential enzyme for DNA synthesis, and a potent general protein disulfide reductase with numerous functions in growth and redox regulations. Specific protein disulfide targets for reduction by Trx include protein disulfide isomerase(PDI) and a number of transcription factors such as p53, NF-kB and AP-1. Trx is also capable of removing H2O2, particularly when it is coupled with either methionine sulfoxide reductase or several isoforms of peroxiredoxins.
Catalog Number:
(10396-166)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
The Trk family of nerve growth factor receptors includes Trk A(also referfed to as Trk A gp140),Trk B and Trk C. The prototype member of this gene family, Trk A, encodes a 140 kDa cell surface receptor , gp140, the expression of which is restricted in vivo to neurons of the sensory spinal and cranial gangliaof neurocrest origin. Nerve growth factor (NGF) stimulates tyrosine phosphorylation of Trk gp 140 in neural cell lines and in embryonic dorsal root ganglia. By comparison, BDNF and to a lesser extent, NT-3, but not NGF, can induce tyrosine phophorylayion of Trk B gp 145. The third member of the Trk receptor family, Trk C incodes a 140 kDa protein, Trk C gp140, that is preferentially expressed in brain tissue and primarily functions as a receptor for NT-3.An additional component of the Trk receptor complex, NGFR p175, binds to neurotrophic factors with low affinity but is required for efficient signaling. NGFR p175 accelerates Trk activation and may recruit downstream dffector molecules to the ligand-bound receptor complex.
Catalog Number:
(10663-402)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
GRAMD2 is a 354 amino acid single-pass membrane protein that contains one GRAM domain and is encoded by a gene that maps to human chromosome 15q23. Encoding more than 700 genes, chromosome 15 is made up of approximately 106 million base pairs and is about 3% of the human genome. Angelman and Prader-Willi syndromes are associated with loss of function or deletion of genes in the 15q11-q13 region. In the case of Angelman syndrome, this loss is due to inactivity of the maternal 15q11-q13 encoded UBE3A gene in the brain by either chromosomal deletion or mutation. In cases of Prader-Willi syndrome, there is a partial or complete deletion of this region from the paternal copy of chromosome 15. Tay-Sachs disease is a lethal disorder associated with mutations of the HEXA gene, which is encoded by chromosome 15. Marfan syndrome is associated with chromosome 15 through the FBN1 gene.
Catalog Number:
(10668-708)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
SMAD regulates gene expression by interacting with different classes of transcription factors including DNA-binding multi-zinc finger proteins. SIP1, for SMAD interacting protein 1, is a member of the delta-EF1/Zfh1 family of 2-handed zinc finger/homeodomain proteins. SIP1 contains a SMAD-binding domain, a homeodomain and two clusters of zinc fingers on the N- and C-termini. SIP1, also known as SMADIP1, ZFHX1B and ZEB2 (zinc finger E-box-binding protein 2), can be induced by TGF∫ treatment. SIP1 plays a crucial role in normal embryonic development of neural structures and the neural crest. The human SIP1 gene maps to chromosome 2q22. Mutations in the SIP1 gene cause a form of Hirschsprung disease (HSCR). Patients with SIP1 mutations show mental retardation, delayed motor development, epilepsy, microcephaly, distinct facial features and/or congenital heart disease—all symptoms of HSCR.
Catalog Number:
(10668-564)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
X-linked recessive myotubular myopathy is a congenital muscular disease characterized by severe hypotonia and generalized muscle weakness that, in most cases, leads to early postnatal death. The gene responsible for myotubular myopathy MTM1 encodes a dual specificity phosphatase, named myotubularin, which is highly conserved through evolution. The gene for MTM1 is localized to a 300 kb critical region on human Xq128 between IDS and GRBRA3. Human MTM1, a 603 amino-acid protein, is mutated in myotubular myopathy. The largely related protein hMTMR2 is found mutated in a recessive form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy. Myotubularin is primarily a lipid phosphatase that acts on phosphatidylinositol 3-monophosphate and is involved in the regulation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase) pathway and membrane trafficking. Wild-type myotubularin can directly dephosphorylate PI3P and PI4P in vitro. Thus, it decreases PI3P levels by down-regulating PI3K activity and by facilitating the degradation of PI3P.
Catalog Number:
(10477-552)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
HkRP3, also known as CCDC88B (coiled-coil domain-containing protein 88B) or BRLZ (brain leucine zipper domain-containing protein), is a 1,476 amino acid protein that belongs to the CCDC88 family. Members of the hook-related protein family are characterized by the presence of a C-terminal hook-related domain and an N-terminal potential microtubule binding domain. HkRP3 may be involved in the linkage of various organelles to microtubules, and exists as six alternatively spliced isoforms. The gene encoding HkRP3 maps to human chromosome 11q13.1 and mouse chromosome 19 A. Chromosome 11 houses over 1,400 genes and comprises nearly 4% of the human genome. Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome, Jacobsen syndrome, Niemann-Pick disease, hereditary angioedema and Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome are associated with defects in genes that maps to chromosome 11.
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