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3-Bromophenyl+isothiocyanate
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3-Bromophenyl+isothiocyanate
Catalog Number:
(10347-436)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
Involved in the transport of antigens from the cytoplasm to the endoplasmic reticulum for association with MHC class I molecules. Also acts as a molecular scaffold for the final stage of MHC class I folding, namely the binding of peptide. Nascent MHC class I molecules associate with TAP via tapasin. Inhibited by the covalent attachment of herpes simplex virus ICP47 protein, which blocks the peptide-binding site of TAP. Inhibited by human cytomegalovirus US6 glycoprotein, which binds to the lumenal side of the TAP complex and inhibits peptide translocation by specifically blocking ATP-binding to TAP1 and prevents the conformational rearrangement of TAP induced by peptide binding. Inhibited by human adenovirus E3-19K glycoprotein, which binds the TAP complex and acts as a tapasin inhibitor, preventing MHC class I/TAP association. Expression of TAP1 is down-regulated by human Epstein-Barr virus vIL-1 protein, thereby affecting the transport of peptides into the endoplasmic reticulum and subsequent peptide loading by MHC class I molecules.
Catalog Number:
(10354-950)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
Non-receptor tyrosine kinase involved in various processes such as cell growth, development, or differentiation. Mediates essential signaling events in both innate and adaptive immunity and plays a crucial role in hematopoiesis during T-cells development. In the cytoplasm, plays a pivotal role in signal transduction via its association with type I receptors sharing the common subunit gamma such as IL2R, IL4R, IL7R, IL9R, IL15R and IL21R. Following ligand binding to cell surface receptors, phosphorylates specific tyrosine residues on the cytoplasmic tails of the receptor, creating docking sites for STATs proteins. Subsequently, phosphorylates the STATs proteins once they are recruited to the receptor. Phosphorylated STATs then form homodimer or heterodimers and translocate to the nucleus to activate gene transcription. For example, upon IL2R activation by IL2, JAK1 and JAK3 molecules bind to IL2R beta (IL2RB) and gamma chain (IL2RG) subunits inducing the tyrosine phosphorylation of both receptor subunits on their cytoplasmic domain. Then, STAT5A AND STAT5B are recruited, phosphorylated and activated by JAK1 and JAK3. Once activated, dimerized STAT5 translocates to the nucleus and promotes the transcription of specific target genes in a cytokine-specific fashion.
Catalog Number:
(10671-354)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
The sterile alpha motif (SAM) domain is a 70 residue structure found in a large number of proteins involved in diverse processes present throughout the eukaryotes. The SAM domain is known to bind RNA and is arranged in a small five-helix bundle with two large interfaces. SAMD7 (Sterile alpha motif domain-containing protein 7), is a 446 amino acid protein encoded by the SAMD7 gene which maps to human chromosome 3. Chromosome 3 is made up of about 214 million bases encoding over 1,100 genes, including a chemokine receptor (CKR) gene cluster and a variety of human cancer-related gene loci. Key tumor suppressing genes on chromosome 3 include those that encode the apoptosis mediator RASSF1, the cell migration regulator HYAL1 and the angiogenesis suppressor SEMA3B. Marfan Syndrome, porphyria, von Hippel-Lindau syndrome, osteogenesis imperfecta and Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease are a few of the numerous genetic diseases associated with chromosome 3.
Catalog Number:
(10263-664)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
Fe65L2 is a 486 amino acid protein that contains one WW domain and two PID domains. Binding to the intracellular domain of the ∫-Amyloid precursor protein, Fe65L2 is thought to modulate the internalization and, therefore, the accessibility and function of ∫-Amyloid. Via its ability to control the intracellular accumulation of ∫-Amyloid, Fe65L2 is thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Fe65L2 exists as four alternatively spliced isoforms designated isoform I, isoform II, isoform III and isoform IV. Fe65L2 interacts with Amyloid-like protein and is encoded by a gene located on human chromosome 5, which contains 181 million base pairs and comprises nearly 6% of the human genome. Deletion of the p arm of chromosome 5 leads to Cri du chat syndrome, while deletion of the q arm or of chromosome 5 altogether is common in therapy-related acute myelogenous leukemias and myelodysplastic syndrome.
Catalog Number:
(10235-476)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
Acts as an interface between multiple growth factor receptors possessing tyrosine kinase activity, such as insulin receptor, IGF1R and FGFR1, and a complex network of intracellular signaling molecules containing SH2 domains. Involved in the IGF1R mitogenic signaling pathway. Promotes the AKT1 signaling pathway and BAD phosphorylation during insulin stimulation without activation of RPS6KB1 or the inhibition of apoptosis. Interaction with GRB2 enhances insulin-stimulated mitogen-activated protein kinase activity. May be involved in nonreceptor tyrosine kinase signaling in myoblasts. Plays a pivotal role in the proliferation/differentiation of hepatoblastoma cell through EPHB2 activation upon IGF1 stimulation. May play a role in the signal transduction in response to insulin and to a lesser extent in response to IL4 and GH on mitogenesis. Plays a role in growth, reproduction and glucose homeostasis. May act as negative regulators of the IGF1 signaling pathway by suppressing the function of IRS1 and IRS2.
Catalog Number:
(10234-054)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
Estrogen and progesterone receptor are members of a family of transcription factors that are regulated by the binding of their cognate ligands. The interaction of hormone-bound estrogen receptors with estrogen responsive elements(EREs) alters transcription of ERE-containing genes. The carboxy terminal region of the estrgen receptor contains the ligand binding domain, the amino terminus serves as the transactivation domain, and the DNA binding domain is centrally located. Two forms of estrogen receptor have been identified, ER Alpha and ER Beta. ER Alpha and ER Beta have been shown to be differentially activated by various ligands. The biological response to progesterone is mediated by two distinct forms of the human progesterone receptor (hPR-A and hPR-B), which arise from alternative splicing. In most cells, hPR-B functions as a transcriptional activator of progesterone-responsive gene, whereas hPR-A function as a transcriptional inhibitor of all steroid hormone receptors.
Catalog Number:
(10263-838)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
Clathrin-coated pits and vesicles are assembled for receptor-mediated endocytosis through interaction with clathrin associated protein complexes. Vesicle transport is mediated from the trans-Golgi network by the adapter complex AP-1 and from the plasma membrane by the AP-2 complex. The AP-1 and AP-2 adapter protein complexes consist of clathrin binding adaptin proteins and two smaller subunits known as AP50 and AP17. The Alpha- and Beta-Adaptin chains have a similar two-domain organization with C-terminal domains that vary in both sequence and length. Alpha-Adaptin splice variants A and C display variable relative expression levels and differential distribution in different tissues. AP180 (also designated AP-3 or F1-20) is a synapse-specific clathrin assembly protein. The protein CALM (clathrin assembly protein lymphoid myeloid leukemia) is highly homologous to AP180 and may also be involved in clathrin assembly.
Catalog Number:
(10283-524)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
Bcl-9L is a 1,499 amino acid protein that localizes to the nucleus and contains a specialized C-terminal domain that is important for its overall activity. Expressed in breast tissue, as well as in eye, lung, prostate and various carcinomas, Bcl-9L functions as a transcriptional activator that forms a complex with Parafibromin and β-catenin and is thought promote the transcriptional activity of Parafibromin and enhance the neoplastic transforming activity of β-catenin. Bcl-9L exists as multiple alternatively spliced isoforms and is thought to be involved in tumorigenesis, possibly playing a role in tumor transformation and metastasis. The gene encoding Bcl-9L maps to human chromosome 11, which houses over 1,400 genes and comprises nearly 4% of the human genome. Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome, Jacobsen syndrome, Niemann-Pick disease, hereditary angioedema and Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome are associated with defects in genes that maps to chromosome 11.
Catalog Number:
(10282-980)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
Clathrin-mediated endocytosis is the pathway by which many receptors for nutrients and hormones are internalized to be recycled or down-regulated. During formation of clathrin coated membranes, clathrin co-assembles with heterotetrameric molecules known as assembly polypeptides (APs) or adaptors which form a layer of protein coat between the clathrin lattice and the membrane. There are two characterized adaptors AP1 and AP2. AP1 is associated with clathrin coated vesicles at the trans-Golgi network and AP2 is associated with the endocytic clathrin coated vesicles at the plasma membrane and has been shown to specifically interact with Shc and EGF receptor. AP2 is composed of four subunits, two separate 100 kDa gene products with similar domain structures (alpha and beta adaptin) and a 50 and 17 kDa subunit. There are two alpha-adaptin genes, alpha A and alpha C which have a tissue specific pattern of expression.
Catalog Number:
(10302-128)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a pleiotropic cytokine whose function is mediated through two distinct cell surface receptors (1,2). These receptors, designated TNF-R1 and TNF-R2, are expressed on most cell types (1,3). The majority of TNF functions are primarily mediated through TNF-R1 (1,4). FAN (for factor associated with neutral sphingomyelinase (N-SMase) activation) is an intermediate protein that interacts with TNF-R1 to initiate TNF signaling events. FAN binds to TNF-R1 at the cytoplasmic NSD (N-SMase activating domain), which results in the initiation of the N-SMase pathway (5). N-SMase has been shown to be involved in TNF-induced Raf-1 activation (6). FAN contains four carboxy-terminal WD-repeat domains which appear to be involved in protein-protein interaction. The FAN WD-repeats may mediate the interaction between FAN and TNF-R1 (5).
Catalog Number:
(10282-412)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
TMEM16C is a 981 amino acid multi-pass membrane protein that is encoded by a gene which maps to chromosome 11. With approximately 135 million base pairs and 1,400 genes, chromosome 11 makes up around 4% of human genomic DNA and is considered a gene and disease association dense chromosome. The chromosome 11 encoded Atm gene is important for regulation of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis following double strand DNA breaks. Atm mutation leads to the disorder known as ataxia-telangiectasia. The blood disorders Sickle cell anemia and thalassemia are caused by HBB gene mutations, while Wilms' tumors, WAGR syndrome and Denys-Drash syndrome are associated with mutations of the WT1 gene. Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome, Jacobsen syndrome, Niemann-Pick disease, hereditary angioedema and Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome are also associated with defects in chromosome 11.
Catalog Number:
(10278-680)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
ERMAP is a single-pass type one membrane protein that belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. Expressed in cord blood, fetal liver and adult bone marrow, ERMAP is thought to function as a cell adhesion molecule in erythroid cells and is responsible for expression of the Scianna/Radin (Sc/Rd) blood group antigen system. The Sc/Rd system is comprised of seven antigens that are present on the surface of red blood cells and have a variety of functions ranging from protein transport to cell adhesion. These seven blood antigens can differ in their expression within a population and may sometimes differ between mother and child. A fetus expressing different blood antigens than its mother may cause the mother to produce against the fetal blood. This condition is known as hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) and is characterized by jaundice, anemia and in some cases, infant death.
Catalog Number:
(10289-280)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
Methylation at the 5'-position of cytosine is the only known naturally occurring covalent modification of the mammalian genome. DNA methylation requires the enzymatic activity of DNA 5-cytosine methyltransferase (Dnmt) proteins, which catalyze the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl methionine to the 5'-position of cytosines residing in the dinucleotide CpG motif, and this methylation results in transcriptional repression of the target gene. The Dnmt enzymes are encoded by independent genes. Dnmt1 is the most abundant, and it preferentially methylates hemimethylated DNA and coordinates gene expression during development. Additional mammalian Dnmt proteins include Dnmt2 and Dnmt3. Dnmt2 lacks the large N-terminal regulator domain of Dnmt1, is expressed at substantially lower levels in adult tissues, and is likely involved in methylating newly integrated retroviral DNA. Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b are encoded by two distinct genes, but both are abundantly expressed in embryonic stem cells, where they also methylate CpG motifs on DNA.
Catalog Number:
(10278-822)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
Affected males of X-linked anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia show hypotrichosis, abnormal teeth and absent sweat glands. Some of the patients reported by Halperin and Curtis showed mental defect also, but this is not an invariable feature. Ectodysplasin A (EDA) is a trimeric type II membrane protein that co-localizes with cytoskeletal structures at the lateral and apical surfaces of cells. EDA is expressed in hair follicles and in the epidermis of adult skin. The sequence of the longest isoform includes an interrupted collagenous domain of 19 Gly-X-Y repeats and a motif conserved in the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related ligand family. EDA is a member of the TNF-related ligand family involved in the early epithelial-mesenchymal interaction that regulates ectodermal appendage formation. Similar to other members of collagenous membrane proteins and members of TNF-related ligands, EDA is a type II membrane protein which forms trimers.
Catalog Number:
(10280-028)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
Sp1 is a sequence-specific transcription factor that recognizes GGGGCGGGGC and closely related sequences, which are often referred to as GC boxes. Sp1 was initially identified as a HeLa cell-derived factor that selectively activates in vitro transcription from the SV40 promoter and binds to the multiple GC boxes in the 21-bp repeated elements in SV40. The sequence specificity of DNA binding is conferred by Zn (II) fingers, whereas a different region of Sp1 appears to regulate the affinity of DNA binding. Sp1 belongs to a subgroup of transcription factors that are phosphorylated upon binding to promoter sequences. Evidence suggests that the early growth response gene, Erg-1 (also known as Zif268 or NGF1-A) (7), may downregulate certain mammalian gene promoters by competing with Sp1 for binding to an overlapping binding motif. The gene encoding human Sp1 maps to chromosome 12q13.1.
Catalog Number:
(10233-702)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein enzyme essential for the replication of chromosome termini in most eukaryotes. Active in progenitor and cancer cells. Inactive, or very low activity, in normal somatic cells. Catalytic component of the teleromerase holoenzyme complex whose main activity is the elongation of telomeres by acting as a reverse transcriptase that adds simple sequence repeats to chromosome ends by copying a template sequence within the RNA component of the enzyme. Catalyzes the RNA-dependent extension of 3'-chromosomal termini with the 6-nucleotide telomeric repeat unit, 5'-TTAGGG-3'. The catalytic cycle involves primer binding, primer extension and release of product once the template boundary has been reached or nascent product translocation followed by further extension. More active on substrates containing 2 or 3 telomeric repeats. Telomerase activity is regulated by a number of factors including telomerase complex-associated proteins, chaperones and polypeptide modifiers. Modulates Wnt signaling. Plays important roles in aging and antiapoptosis.
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