Pentafluorophenyl+3,4-dimethoxybenzenesulphonate
Catalog Number:
(10277-742)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
Clathrin-mediated endocytosis is the pathway by which many receptors for nutrients and hormones are internalized to be recycled or down-regulated. During formation of clathrin coated membranes, clathrin co-assembles with heterotetrameric molecules known as assembly polypeptides (APs) or adaptors which form a layer of protein coat between the clathrin lattice and the membrane. There are two characterized adaptors AP1 and AP2. AP1 is associated with clathrin coated vesicles at the trans-Golgi network and AP2 is associated with the endocytic clathrin coated vesicles at the plasma membrane and has been shown to specifically interact with Shc and EGF receptor. AP2 is composed of four subunits, two separate 100 kDa gene products with similar domain structures (alpha and beta adaptin) and a 50 and 17 kDa subunit. There are two alpha-adaptin genes, alpha A and alpha C which have a tissue specific pattern of expression.
Catalog Number:
(10263-832)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
Clathrin-coated pits and vesicles are assembled for receptor-mediated endocytosis through interaction with clathrin associated protein complexes. Vesicle transport is mediated from the trans-Golgi network by the adapter complex AP-1 and from the plasma membrane by the AP-2 complex. The AP-1 and AP-2 adapter protein complexes consist of clathrin binding adaptin proteins and two smaller subunits known as AP50 and AP17. The Alpha- and Beta-Adaptin chains have a similar two-domain organization with C-terminal domains that vary in both sequence and length. Alpha-Adaptin splice variants A and C display variable relative expression levels and differential distribution in different tissues. AP180 (also designated AP-3 or F1-20) is a synapse-specific clathrin assembly protein. The protein CALM (clathrin assembly protein lymphoid myeloid leukemia) is highly homologous to AP180 and may also be involved in clathrin assembly.
Catalog Number:
(10263-838)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
Clathrin-coated pits and vesicles are assembled for receptor-mediated endocytosis through interaction with clathrin associated protein complexes. Vesicle transport is mediated from the trans-Golgi network by the adapter complex AP-1 and from the plasma membrane by the AP-2 complex. The AP-1 and AP-2 adapter protein complexes consist of clathrin binding adaptin proteins and two smaller subunits known as AP50 and AP17. The Alpha- and Beta-Adaptin chains have a similar two-domain organization with C-terminal domains that vary in both sequence and length. Alpha-Adaptin splice variants A and C display variable relative expression levels and differential distribution in different tissues. AP180 (also designated AP-3 or F1-20) is a synapse-specific clathrin assembly protein. The protein CALM (clathrin assembly protein lymphoid myeloid leukemia) is highly homologous to AP180 and may also be involved in clathrin assembly.
Catalog Number:
(10282-980)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
Clathrin-mediated endocytosis is the pathway by which many receptors for nutrients and hormones are internalized to be recycled or down-regulated. During formation of clathrin coated membranes, clathrin co-assembles with heterotetrameric molecules known as assembly polypeptides (APs) or adaptors which form a layer of protein coat between the clathrin lattice and the membrane. There are two characterized adaptors AP1 and AP2. AP1 is associated with clathrin coated vesicles at the trans-Golgi network and AP2 is associated with the endocytic clathrin coated vesicles at the plasma membrane and has been shown to specifically interact with Shc and EGF receptor. AP2 is composed of four subunits, two separate 100 kDa gene products with similar domain structures (alpha and beta adaptin) and a 50 and 17 kDa subunit. There are two alpha-adaptin genes, alpha A and alpha C which have a tissue specific pattern of expression.
Catalog Number:
(10386-506)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
Acts as a tumor suppressor in many tumor types; induces growth arrest or apoptosis depending on the physiological circumstances and cell type. Involved in cell cycle regulation as a trans-activator that acts to negatively regulate cell division by controlling a set of genes required for this process. One of the activated genes is an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases. Apoptosis induction seems to be mediated either by stimulation of BAX and FAS antigen expression, or by repression of Bcl-2 expression. In cooperation with mitochondrial PPIF is involved in activating oxidative stress-induced necrosis; the function is largely independent of transcription. Induces the transcription of long intergenic non-coding RNA p21 (lincRNA-p21) and lincRNA-Mkln1. LincRNA-p21 participates in TP53-dependent transcriptional repression leading to apoptosis and seem to have to effect on cell-cycle regulation. Implicated in Notch signaling cross-over. Prevents CDK7 kinase activity when associated to CAK complex in response to DNA damage, thus stopping cell cycle progression. Isoform 2 enhances the transactivation activity of isoform 1 from some but not all TP53-inducible promoters. Isoform 4 suppresses transactivation activity and impairs growth suppression mediated by isoform 1. Isoform 7 inhibits isoform 1-mediated apoptosis.
Catalog Number:
(10386-512)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
Acts as a tumor suppressor in many tumor types; induces growth arrest or apoptosis depending on the physiological circumstances and cell type. Involved in cell cycle regulation as a trans-activator that acts to negatively regulate cell division by controlling a set of genes required for this process. One of the activated genes is an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases. Apoptosis induction seems to be mediated either by stimulation of BAX and FAS antigen expression, or by repression of Bcl-2 expression. In cooperation with mitochondrial PPIF is involved in activating oxidative stress-induced necrosis; the function is largely independent of transcription. Induces the transcription of long intergenic non-coding RNA p21 (lincRNA-p21) and lincRNA-Mkln1. LincRNA-p21 participates in TP53-dependent transcriptional repression leading to apoptosis and seem to have to effect on cell-cycle regulation. Implicated in Notch signaling cross-over. Prevents CDK7 kinase activity when associated to CAK complex in response to DNA damage, thus stopping cell cycle progression. Isoform 2 enhances the transactivation activity of isoform 1 from some but not all TP53-inducible promoters. Isoform 4 suppresses transactivation activity and impairs growth suppression mediated by isoform 1. Isoform 7 inhibits isoform 1-mediated apoptosis.
Catalog Number:
(10386-508)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
Acts as a tumor suppressor in many tumor types; induces growth arrest or apoptosis depending on the physiological circumstances and cell type. Involved in cell cycle regulation as a trans-activator that acts to negatively regulate cell division by controlling a set of genes required for this process. One of the activated genes is an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases. Apoptosis induction seems to be mediated either by stimulation of BAX and FAS antigen expression, or by repression of Bcl-2 expression. In cooperation with mitochondrial PPIF is involved in activating oxidative stress-induced necrosis; the function is largely independent of transcription. Induces the transcription of long intergenic non-coding RNA p21 (lincRNA-p21) and lincRNA-Mkln1. LincRNA-p21 participates in TP53-dependent transcriptional repression leading to apoptosis and seem to have to effect on cell-cycle regulation. Implicated in Notch signaling cross-over. Prevents CDK7 kinase activity when associated to CAK complex in response to DNA damage, thus stopping cell cycle progression. Isoform 2 enhances the transactivation activity of isoform 1 from some but not all TP53-inducible promoters. Isoform 4 suppresses transactivation activity and impairs growth suppression mediated by isoform 1. Isoform 7 inhibits isoform 1-mediated apoptosis.
Catalog Number:
(10393-654)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
Acts as a tumor suppressor in many tumor types; induces growth arrest or apoptosis depending on the physiological circumstances and cell type. Involved in cell cycle regulation as a trans-activator that acts to negatively regulate cell division by controlling a set of genes required for this process. One of the activated genes is an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases. Apoptosis induction seems to be mediated either by stimulation of BAX and FAS antigen expression, or by repression of Bcl-2 expression. In cooperation with mitochondrial PPIF is involved in activating oxidative stress-induced necrosis; the function is largely independent of transcription. Induces the transcription of long intergenic non-coding RNA p21 (lincRNA-p21) and lincRNA-Mkln1. LincRNA-p21 participates in TP53-dependent transcriptional repression leading to apoptosis and seem to have to effect on cell-cycle regulation. Implicated in Notch signaling cross-over. Prevents CDK7 kinase activity when associated to CAK complex in response to DNA damage, thus stopping cell cycle progression. Isoform 2 enhances the transactivation activity of isoform 1 from some but not all TP53-inducible promoters. Isoform 4 suppresses transactivation activity and impairs growth suppression mediated by isoform 1. Isoform 7 inhibits isoform 1-mediated apoptosis.
Catalog Number:
(10252-006)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
The immunophilins are a highly conserved family of cis-trans peptidyl-prolyl isomerases that bind to and mediate the effects of immunosuppressive drugs, such as cyclosporin, FK506 and rapamycin (1). Several related immunophilins, FKBP12, FKBP51 and FKBP52, are characterized as cytosolic FK506-binding proteins, and following ligand binding, they functionally inhibit the phosphatase activity of calcineurin (2,3). The ubiquitously expressed FKBP12 also associates with the cytoplasmic domain of the TGF?type I receptor, where it stabilizes the inactive conformation of the receptor and blocks the activation of the TGF?pathway (4). FKBP51 and FKBP52 are two highly related proteins (5,6). FKBP51 is predominantly expressed in T cells and is induced by glucocorticoids (5). FKBP51 mediates the effects of FK506 and rapamycin by inhibiting intracellular calcineurin activity, and by blocking T-cell activation and proliferation (7). FKBP52, known also as FKBP-59 or heat shock protein 56, is expressed in a variety of tissues and can also associate with the heat shock protein (hsp90) in mature steroid receptor complexes (6,8).
Catalog Number:
(10450-582)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
NAD-dependent oxidoreductase with broad substrate specificity that shows both oxidative and reductive activity (in vitro). Has 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity towards various steroids (in vitro). Converts 5-alpha-androstan-3-alpha,17-beta-diol to androsterone and estradiol to estrone (in vitro). Has 3-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity towards androsterone (in vitro). Has retinol dehydrogenase activity towards all-trans-retinol (in vitro). Can convert androsterone to epi-androsterone. Androsterone is first oxidized to 5-alpha-androstane-3,17-dione and then reduced to epi-andosterone. Can act on both C-19 and C-21 3-alpha-hydroxysteroids.Tissue specificity; Detected in liver and prostate (at protein level). Detected in adult liver, lung, brain, placenta, prostate, adrenal gland, testis, mammary gland, spleen, spinal cord and uterus. Detected in caudate nucleus, and at lower levels in amygdala, corpus callosum, hippocampus, substantia nigra and thalamus. Detected in fetal lung, liver and brain.Sequence similarities; Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family.
Catalog Number:
(76098-400)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
Acts as a tumor suppressor in many tumor types; induces growth arrest or apoptosis depending on the physiological circumstances and cell type. Involved in cell cycle regulation as a trans-activator that acts to negatively regulate cell division by controlling a set of genes required for this process. One of the activated genes is an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases. Apoptosis induction seems to be mediated either by stimulation of BAX and FAS antigen expression, or by repression of Bcl-2 expression. In cooperation with mitochondrial PPIF is involved in activating oxidative stress-induced necrosis; the function is largely independent of transcription. Induces the transcription of long intergenic non-coding RNA p21 (lincRNA-p21) and lincRNA-Mkln1. LincRNA-p21 participates in TP53-dependent transcriptional repression leading to apoptosis and seem to have to effect on cell-cycle regulation. Implicated in Notch signaling cross-over. Prevents CDK7 kinase activity when associated to CAK complex in response to DNA damage, thus stopping cell cycle progression. Isoform 2 enhances the transactivation activity of isoform 1 from some but not all TP53-inducible promoters. Isoform 4 suppresses transactivation activity and impairs growth suppression mediated by isoform 1. Isoform 7 inhibits isoform 1-mediated apoptosis.
Catalog Number:
(10393-658)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
Acts as a tumor suppressor in many tumor types; induces growth arrest or apoptosis depending on the physiological circumstances and cell type. Involved in cell cycle regulation as a trans-activator that acts to negatively regulate cell division by controlling a set of genes required for this process. One of the activated genes is an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases. Apoptosis induction seems to be mediated either by stimulation of BAX and FAS antigen expression, or by repression of Bcl-2 expression. In cooperation with mitochondrial PPIF is involved in activating oxidative stress-induced necrosis; the function is largely independent of transcription. Induces the transcription of long intergenic non-coding RNA p21 (lincRNA-p21) and lincRNA-Mkln1. LincRNA-p21 participates in TP53-dependent transcriptional repression leading to apoptosis and seem to have to effect on cell-cycle regulation. Implicated in Notch signaling cross-over. Prevents CDK7 kinase activity when associated to CAK complex in response to DNA damage, thus stopping cell cycle progression. Isoform 2 enhances the transactivation activity of isoform 1 from some but not all TP53-inducible promoters. Isoform 4 suppresses transactivation activity and impairs growth suppression mediated by isoform 1. Isoform 7 inhibits isoform 1-mediated apoptosis.
Supplier:
Biotium
Description:
Cytochrome c is a well-characterized mobile electron transport protein that is essential to energy conversion in all aerobic organisms. In mammalian cells, this highly conserved protein is normally localized to the mitochondrial inter-membrane space. More recent studies have identified cytosolic Cytochrome c as a factor necessary for activation of apoptosis. During apoptosis, Cytochrome c is trans-located from the mitochondrial membrane to the cytosol, where it is required for activation of caspase-3 (CPP32). Overexpression of Bcl-2 has been shown to prevent the translocation of Cytochrome c, thereby blocking the apoptotic process. Overexpression of Bax has been shown to induce the release of Cytochrome c and to induce cell death. The release of Cytochrome c from the mitochondria is thought to trigger an apoptotic cascade, whereby Apaf-1 binds to Apaf-3 (caspase-9) in a Cytochrome c-dependent manner, leading to caspase-9 cleavage of caspase-3.
CF® dyes are Biotium's next-generation fluorescent dyes. CF®647 is a far-red fluorescent dye (Ex/Em 650/665 nm) with excellent brightness. It also is compatible with super-resolution imaging by STORM.
Catalog Number:
(10234-980)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
Histones are highly conserved proteins that serve as the structural scaffold for the organization of nuclear DNA into chromatin. The four core histones, H2A, H2B, H3, and H4, assemble into an octamer (2 molecules of each). Subsequently, 146 base pairs of DNA are wrapped around the octamer, forming a nucleosome, the basic subunit of chromatin. Histone modifications regulate DNA transcription, repair, recombination, and replication. The most commonly studied modifications are acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation, and ubiquitination. These modifications can alter local chromatin architecture, or recruit trans-acting factors that recognize specific histone modifications (the "histone code" hypothesis). Trimethylation of histone H3 on Lys9 (H3K9me3) is one of the most highly studied epigenetic marks. H3K9me3 functions in the repression of euchromatic genes, and in epigenetic control of heterochromatin assembly, most likely via acting as a recognition motif for the binding of chromatin-associated proteins, such as Swi6 or HP1Alpha/Beta. The enzymes responsible for H3K9me3 formation are SUV39H1 and SUV39H2.
Catalog Number:
(76262-724)
Supplier:
Rockland Immunochemical
Description:
TP53 (tumor suppressor gene p53) is one of the most well-studied genes that suppresses tumor formation and renders protection against DNA damage by inducing cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, or apoptosis. TP53 signaling is triggered through numerous cellular events ranging from DNA damage to hypoxia, stress and a plethora of other causes. Upon activation, p53 acts as zinc-containing transcriptional regulator and initiates a cascade of events that determines the cellular outcome including cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, senescence, DNA repair, development, differentiation and tissue homeostasis. Cell cycle arrest is induced by p53 via trans-activating genes such as p21 (CDK-inhibitor 1, cyclin dependent kinase) and others. Interestingly, p53 itself is capable of triggering cellular responses (survival or induced cell death) as well. Mutations or deletions in the TP53 gene are present in nearly 50% of human cancers, and primarily results in impaired tumor suppressor function. Anti-p53 (ac Lys292) antibody is ideal for researchers interested in developmental biology, cell growth and cancer research.
Catalog Number:
(10236-648)
Supplier:
Bioss
Description:
Histones are highly conserved proteins that serve as the structural scaffold for the organization of nuclear DNA into chromatin. The four core histones, H2A, H2B, H3, and H4, assemble into an octamer (2 molecules of each). Subsequently, 146 base pairs of DNA are wrapped around the octamer, forming a nucleosome, the basic subunit of chromatin. Histone modifications regulate DNA transcription, repair, recombination, and replication. The most commonly studied modifications are acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation, and ubiquitination. These modifications can alter local chromatin architecture, or recruit trans-acting factors that recognize specific histone modifications (the "histone code" hypothesis). Trimethylation of histone H3 on Lys9 (H3K9me3) is one of the most highly studied epigenetic marks. H3K9me3 functions in the repression of euchromatic genes, and in epigenetic control of heterochromatin assembly, most likely via acting as a recognition motif for the binding of chromatin-associated proteins, such as Swi6 or HP1Alpha/Beta. The enzymes responsible for H3K9me3 formation are SUV39H1 and SUV39H2.
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