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Proteins and Peptides
Supplier:
PeproTech, Inc.
Description:
FGF-acidic is one of 23 known members of the FGF family. Proteins of this family play a central role during prenatal development, postnatal growth and regeneration of a variety of tissues, by promoting cellular proliferation and differentiation. FGF-acidic is a non-glycosylated heparin binding growth factor that is expressed in the brain, kidney, retina, smooth muscle cells, bone matrix, osteoblasts, astrocytes and endothelial cells. FGF-acidic has the ability to signal through all the FGF receptors. Recombinant Rat FGF-acidic is a 15.9 kDa protein consisting of 141 amino acid residues.
Supplier:
PeproTech, Inc.
Description:
FGF-basic is one of 23 known members of the FGF family. Proteins of this family play a central role during prenatal development, postnatal growth and regeneration of a variety of tissues, by promoting cellular proliferation and differentiation. FGF-basic is a non-glycosylated, heparin-binding growth factor that is expressed in the brain, pituitary, kidney, retina, bone, testis, adrenal gland, liver, monocytes, epithelial cells and endothelial cells. FGF-basic signals through FGFR 1b, 1c, 2c, 3c and 4. Recombinant Rat FGF-basic is a 16.3 kDa protein consisting of 145 amino acid residues.
Supplier:
PeproTech, Inc.
Description:
Lectins, of either plant or animal origin, are carbohydrate-binding proteins that interact with glycoproteins and glycolipids on the surface of animal cells. The Galectins are lectins that recognize and interact with β-galactoside moieties. Galectin-3 regulates a number of biological processes, including embryogenesis, inflammatory responses, cell progression and metastasis. Galectin-3 is normally expressed in epithelia of a variety of tissues, including colon and endometrium, and in various inflammatory cells, including macrophages. Galectin-3 can function intracellularly, controlling the cell cycle and preventing T-cell apoptosis, and also extracellularly, by activating various cells, including monocytes/macrophages, mast cells, neutrophils, and lymphocytes. Expression of Galectin-3 is affected by neoplastic transformation, being up-regulated in certain types of lymphomas, and in thyroid and hepatic carcinomas. Conversely, it is down-regulated in other cancers such as colon, breast, ovarian, and uterine. Recombinant Human Galectin-3 is a globular 26.0 kDa protein containing 250 amino acid residues, but no disulfide bonds.
Supplier:
PeproTech, Inc.
Description:
Proteases (also called Proteolytic Enzymes, Peptidases, or Proteinases) are enzymes that hydrolyze the amide bonds within proteins or peptides. Most proteases act in a specific manner, hydrolyzing bonds at, or adjacent to, specific residues, or a specific sequence of residues contained within the substrate protein or peptide. Proteases play an important role in most diseases and biological processes, including prenatal and postnatal development, reproduction, signal transduction, immune response, various autoimmune and degenerative diseases, and cancer. They are also an important research tool, as they are frequently used in the analysis and production of proteins. Kex-2 cleaves at the carboxyl end of the recognition sequences Arg-Arg/X and Lys-Arg/X. Recombinant Yeast Kex-2 is a 60.4 kDa protease consisting of 558 amino acid residues.
Supplier:
PeproTech, Inc.
Description:
IGF-BPs control the distribution, function and activity of IGFs in various cell tissues and body fluids. Currently, there are seven named IGF-BPs that form high affinity complexes with both IGF-I and IGF-II. IGF-BP7 is expressed in a wide range of normal human tissues, and it generally shows reduced expression in cancer cell lines of prostate, breast, colon, and lung origin. It plays a role in skeletal myogenesis by binding to IGF in a manner that inhibits IGF-induced differentiation of skeletal myoblasts, without affecting IGF-induced proliferation. Additionally, IGF-BP7 suppresses growth and colony formation of prostate and breast cancer cell lines through an IGF-independent mechanism, which causes a delay in the G1 phase of the cell cycle and increased apoptosis. Recombinant Human IGF-BP7 is a 26.4 kDa protein consisting of 256 amino acid residues.Manufactured using all Animal-Free reagents.
Supplier:
PeproTech, Inc.
Description:
TPO is a lineage-specific growth factor produced in the liver, kidney and skeletal muscle. It stimulates the proliferation and maturation of megakaryocytes, and promotes increased circulating levels of platelets in vivo . TPO signals through the c-mpl receptor, and acts as an important regulator of circulating platelets. Human and murine TPO exhibit cross-species reactivity. Recombinant Murine TPO is a fully biologically active 174 amino acid polypeptide (18.7 kDa), which contains the erythropoietin-like domain of the full length TPO protein.
Supplier:
PeproTech, Inc.
Description:
GDNF is a disulfide-linked, homodimeric neurotrophic factor structurally related to Artemin, Neurturin and Persephin. These proteins belong to the cysteine-knot superfamily of growth factors that assume stable dimeric protein structures. GDNF signals through a multicomponent receptor system, composed of a RET and one of the four GFRα (α1-α4) receptors. GDNF specifically promotes dopamine uptake and survival, and morphological differentiation of midbrain neurons. Using a Parkinson’s disease mouse model, GDNF has been shown to improve conditions such as bradykinesia, rigidity, and postural instability. The functional murine GDNF ligand is a disulfide-linked homodimer consisting of two 15.1 kDa polypeptide chains called monomers. Each monomer contains seven conserved cysteine residues, including Cys-101, which is used for inter-chain disulfide bridging, and others that are involved in the intramolecular ring formation known as the cysteine knot configuration. The calculated molecular weight of Recombinant Murine GDNF is 30.2 kDa.
Supplier:
PeproTech, Inc.
Description:
The IGFs are mitogenic, polypeptide growth factors that stimulate the proliferation and survival of various cell types, including muscle, bone, and cartilage tissue in vitro . IGFs are predominantly produced by the liver, although a variety of tissues produce the IGFs at distinctive times. The IGFs belong to the Insulin gene family, which also contains insulin and relaxin. The IGFs are similar to insulin by structure and function, but have a much higher growth-promoting activity than insulin. IGF-II expression is influenced by placenta lactogen, while IGF-I expression is regulated by growth hormone. Both IGF-I and IGF-II signal through the tyrosine kinase type I receptor (IGF-IR), but IGF-II can also signal through the IGF-II/Mannose-6-phosphate receptor. Mature IGFs are generated by proteolytic processing of inactive precursor proteins, which contain N-terminal and C-terminal propeptide regions. Recombinant Human IGF-I and IGF-II are globular proteins containing 70 and 67 amino acids, respectively, and 3 intra-molecular disulfide bonds. The calculated molecular weight of Recombinant Human IGF-II is 7.5 kDa.
Supplier:
PeproTech, Inc.
Description:
PDGFs are disulfide-linked dimers consisting of two 12.0-13.5 kDa polypeptide chains, designated PDGF-A and PDGF-B chains. The three naturally occurring PDGFs, PDGF-AA, PDGF-BB and PDGF-AB, are potent mitogens for a variety of cell types, including smooth muscle cells, connective tissue cells, bone and cartilage cells, and some blood cells. The PDGFs are stored in platelet α-granules, and are released upon platelet activation. The PDGFs are involved in a number of biological processes, including hyperplasia, chemotaxis, embryonic neuron development, and respiratory tubule epithelial cell development. Two distinct signaling receptors used by PDGFs have been identified and named PDGFR-α and PDGFR-β. PDGFR-α is high-affinity receptor for each of the three PDGF forms. On the other hand, PDGFR-β interacts with only PDGF-BB and PDGF-AB. Recombinant Human PDGF-AA is a 28.5 kDa disulfide-linked homodimer of two α chains (250 total amino acids).
Supplier:
PeproTech, Inc.
Description:
FGF-basic is one of 23 known members of the FGF family. Proteins of this family play a central role during prenatal development, postnatal growth and regeneration of a variety of tissues, by promoting cellular proliferation and differentiation. FGF-basic is a non-glycosylated, heparin-binding growth factor that is expressed in the brain, pituitary, kidney, retina, bone, testis, adrenal gland, liver, monocytes, epithelial cells and endothelial cells. FGF-basic signals through FGFR 1b, 1c, 2c, 3c and 4. Recombinant Human FGF-basic is a 16.4 kDa protein consisting of 146 amino acid residues.
Supplier:
PeproTech, Inc.
Description:
FGF-basic is one of 23 known members of the FGF family. Proteins of this family play a central role during prenatal development, postnatal growth and regeneration of a variety of tissues, by promoting cellular proliferation and differentiation. FGF-basic is a non-glycosylated, heparin-binding growth factor that is expressed in the brain, pituitary, kidney, retina, bone, testis, adrenal gland, liver, monocytes, epithelial cells and endothelial cells. FGF-basic signals through FGFR 1b, 1c, 2c, 3c and 4. Recombinant Human FGF-basic is a 17.2 kDa protein consisting of 154 amino acid residues.
Supplier:
PeproTech, Inc.
Description:
The FGF family plays a central role during prenatal development, postnatal growth and regeneration of a variety of tissues, by promoting cellular proliferation and differentiation. FGF-23, FGF-21 and FGF-19 constitute an atypical FGF subfamily whose ligands act as circulating hormones and require the participation of a Klotho protein as a co-receptor for their signaling. FGF-23 is a bone-derived hormone that acts in the kidney to regulate phosphate homeostasis and vitamin D metabolism. The signaling receptor for FGF-23, a Klotho-FGFR1 (IIIc) complex, is an essential regulator of the renal sodium phosphate co-transporter and key vitamin D-metabolizing enzymes CYP27B1 and CYP24A1. Recombinant Human FGF-23 is a 25.5 kDa globular protein containing 228 amino acid residues.
Supplier:
PeproTech, Inc.
Description:
FGF-4 is a heparin-binding growth factor that is a member of the FGF family. Proteins of this family play a central role during prenatal development, postnatal growth and regeneration of a variety of tissues, by promoting cellular proliferation and differentiation. FGF-4 signals through the FGFR 1c, 2c, 3c, and 4. Recombinant Human FGF-4 is a 19.7 kDa protein consisting of 182 amino acid residues.
Supplier:
PeproTech, Inc.
Description:
Prokineticin-2 (PK2) is a cysteine-rich secreted protein that is expressed in the testis and, in lower levels, in the small intestine. PK2 regulates various biological functions, including gastrointestinal motility, angiogenesis and circadian rhythms. It is closely related to EG-VEGF (Prokineticin-1), and binds to two orphan B-protein-coupled receptors termed PK-R1 and PK-R2. Recombinant Human Prokineticin-2 is an 8.8 kDa protein consisting of 81 amino acid residues, including ten cysteine residues that can potentially form five pairs of intra-molecular disulfide bonds.
Supplier:
PeproTech, Inc.
Description:
Amphiregulin is an EGF-related growth factor that signals through the EGF/TGF-α receptor, and stimulates growth of keratinocytes, epithelial cells and some fibroblasts. Amphiregulin also inhibits the growth of certain carcinoma cell lines. Synthesized as a transmembrane protein, Amphiregulin’s extracellular domain is proteolytically processed to release the mature protein. There are 6 conserved cysteine residues, which form 3 intramolecular disulfide bonds essential for biological activity. Recombinant Human Amphiregulin is an 11.3 kDa glycoprotein consisting of 98 amino acid residues.
Supplier:
PeproTech, Inc.
Description:
TGF-β family members are key modulators of cell proliferation, differentiation, matrix synthesis, and apoptosis. As implied by their name, BMPs initiate, promote, and regulate the development, growth, and remodeling of bone and cartilage. In addition to this role, BMPs are also involved in prenatal development and postnatal growth, remodeling, and maintenance of a variety of other tissues and organs. Increasing evidence indicates that BMP-Smad signaling has a tumor suppressing activity, and that BMPs can inhibit tumor growth. BMP-6 is abnormally expressed in breast cancer cell lines, however, its function in promoting breast cancer development is unknown. The mature and functional form of BMP-6 is a homodimer of two identical 139 amino acid polypeptide chains linked by a single disulfide bond. Each monomer is expressed as the C-terminal part of a precursor polypeptide, which contains a 20 amino acid signal peptide and a 354 amino acid propeptide. This precursor undergoes intracellular dimerization, and upon secretion it is processed by a furin-type protease. Recombinant Human BMP-6 is a 26.2 kDa homodimeric glycoprotein consisting of two 117 amino acid subunits, which correspond to amino acid residues 397 to 513 of the full-length BMP-6 precursor.
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