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Update to Avantor’s response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic

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Proteins and Peptides

Proteins are used in routine laboratory procedures such as binding enzymes or coupling peptides to carrier proteins. These kits, mixture solutions, and collagen matrices fulfill a myriad of essential laboratory functions for developing relationships between proteins and other cellular components. The stimulating proteins offered have various amino acid arrangements and functions to fulfill any sample manipulation for testing purposes in any field.


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Supplier:  PeproTech, Inc.
Description:   MIA is the first discovered member of a family of secreted cytokines termed the MIA/OTOR family. The four known members of this family, MIA, MIA-2, OTOR and TANGO, each contain a Src homology-3 (SH3)-like domain. MIA is an autocrine growth regulatory protein, secreted from chondrocytes and malignant melanoma cells that promotes melanoma metastasis by binding competitively to fibronectin and laminin in a manner that results in melanoma cell detachment from the extracellular matrix in vivo . Elevated levels of MIA may represent a clinically useful marker for diagnosis of melanoma metastasis, as well as a potential marker for rheumatoid arthritis. Recombinant Human MIA is a 12.2 kDa globular protein containing 108 amino acid residues, including two intramolecular disulfide bonds.
Supplier:  PeproTech, Inc.
Description:   Gremlin-1 (isoform-1) belongs to a group of diffusible proteins that bind to ligands of the TGF-β family and regulate their activity by inhibiting their access to signaling receptors. The interplay between TGF-β ligands and their natural antagonists has major biological significance during development processes, in which cellular response can vary considerably depending upon the local concentration of the signaling molecule. Gremlin-1 is highly expressed in the small intestine, fetal brain, and colon; and is expressed at lower levels in the brain, prostate, pancreas, and in skeletal muscle. Gremlin-1 regulates multiple functions in early development by specifically binding to, and inhibiting the function of, BMP-2, -4, and -7. It also plays a role in carcinogenesis and kidney branching morphogenesis. Recombinant Human Gremlin-1 is an 18.3 kDa protein containing 160 amino acid residues.
Supplier:  PeproTech, Inc.
Description:   VCAM is a 110 kDa, cell surface integral membrane glycoprotein that belongs to the Ig-related superfamily of adhesion molecules. The primary function of VCAM-1 is the mediation of leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion and signal transduction. VCAM-1 may play a vital role in the development of several diseases, including atherosclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. The human VCAM-1 gene codes for a 715 amino acid transmembrane glycoprotein containing a 19 amino acid cytoplasmic domain, a 22 amino acid transmembrane domain, and a 674 amino acid extracellular domain. Recombinant Human VCAM-1 is a 74.1 kDa glycoprotein comprising the extracellular domain (674 amino acid residues) of VCAM-1. Monomeric glycosylated VCAM-1 migrates at an apparent molecular weight of approximately 90.0 kDa by SDS-PAGE analysis under reducing conditions.
Supplier:  PeproTech, Inc.
Description:   Endostatin is a naturally occurring 20 kDa polypeptide derived from the C-terminal portion of type XVIII collagen. It functions as an anti-angiogenic cytokine that is expressed in various organs with the highest levels in liver, lung and kidney. Endostatin inhibits angiogenesis by blocking the pro-angiogenic activities of VEGF and FGF-basic. Recombinant Human Endostatin is a 20.2 kDa protein consisting of 184 amino acid residues.
Supplier:  PeproTech, Inc.
Description:   IL-21 is a pleiotropic cytokine produced by CD4+ T cells in response to antigenic stimulation. Its action generally enhances antigen-specific responses of immune cells. The biological effects of IL-21 include: inducing the differentiation of T-cell-stimulated B-cells into plasma cells and memory B-cells; the stimulation of IgG production in conjunction with IL-4; and the induction of apoptotic effects in naïve B-cells and stimulated B-cells in the absence of T-cell signaling. Additionally, IL-21 promotes the anti-tumor activity of CD8+ T-cells and NK cells. IL-21 exerts its effect through binding to a specific type I cytokine receptor, IL-21R, which also contains the γ chain (γc) found in other cytokine receptors, including IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9 and IL-15. The IL-21/IL-21R interaction triggers a cascade of events, which includes activation of the tyrosine kinases JAK1 and JAK3, followed by activation of the transcription factors STAT1 and STAT3. Recombinant Human IL-21 is a 15.4 kDa protein consisting of 132 amino acid residues.
Supplier:  PeproTech, Inc.
Description:   IL-19 belongs to the IL-10 family of regulatory cytokines, which includes IL-10, IL-19, IL-20, IL-22, IL-24 and IL-26. Members of this family share partial homology in their amino acid sequences, but they are dissimilar in their biological functions. Preliminary data suggests that IL-19 is a proinflammatory cytokine, because it up-regulates IL-6 and TNF-α, and induces apoptosis through TNF-α. IL-19 signals through the type I IL-20R. Human and murine IL-19 share 71% amino acid sequence identity. Recombinant Human IL-19 is a 35.8 kDa homodimer of two 154 amino acid chains. In solution, IL-19 exists predominantly as a non-disulfide-linked dimer.
Supplier:  PeproTech, Inc.
Description:   IL-2 is a powerful immunoregulatory lymphokine produced by T-cells in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation. IL-2/IL-2R signaling is required for T-cell proliferation and other fundamental functions that are essential for the immune response. IL-2 stimulates growth and differentiation of B-cells, NK cells, lymphokine-activated killer cells, monocytes, macrophages and oligodendrocytes. Recombinant Murine IL-2 is a 17.2 kDa protein containing 148 amino acid residues.
Supplier:  PeproTech, Inc.
Description:   Noggin belongs to a group of diffusible proteins that bind to ligands of the TGF-β family, and regulate their activity by inhibiting their access to signaling receptors. Noggin was originally identified as a BMP-4 antagonist whose action was critical for proper formation of the head and other dorsal structures. Consequently, noggin has been shown to modulate the activities of other BMPs including BMP-2,-7,-13, and -14. Targeted deletion of noggin in mice results in prenatal death, and a recessive phenotype displaying a severely malformed skeletal system. Conversely, transgenic mice over-expressing noggin in mature osteoblasts display impaired osteoblastic differentiation, reduced bone formation, and severe osteoporosis. Recombinant Murine Noggin is a 46.4 kDa disulfide-linked homodimer consisting of two 206 amino acid polypeptide chains.
Supplier:  PeproTech, Inc.
Description:   IL-21 is a pleiotropic cytokine produced by CD4+ T cells in response to antigenic stimulation. Its action generally enhances antigen-specific responses of immune cells. The biological effects of IL-21 include: inducing the differentiation of T-cell-stimulated B-cells into plasma cells and memory B-cells; the stimulation of IgG production in conjunction with IL-4; and the induction of apoptotic effects in naïve B-cells and stimulated B-cells in the absence of T-cell signaling. Additionally, IL-21 promotes the anti-tumor activity of CD8+ T-cells and NK cells. IL-21 exerts its effect through binding to a specific type I cytokine receptor, IL-21R, which also contains the γ chain (γc) found in other cytokine receptors, including IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9 and IL-15. The IL-21/IL-21R interaction triggers a cascade of events, which includes activation of the tyrosine kinases JAK1 and JAK3, followed by activation of the transcription factors STAT1 and STAT3. Recombinant Human IL-21 is a 15.4 kDa protein consisting of 132 amino acid residues.
Supplier:  PeproTech, Inc.
Description:   TNF-α is a pleiotropic pro-inflammatory cytokine secreted by various cells, including adipocytes, activated monocytes, macrophages, B cells, T cells and fibroblasts. It belongs to the TNF family of ligands, and signals through two receptors, TNFR1 and TNFR2. TNF-α is cytotoxic to a wide variety of tumor cells, and is an essential factor in mediating the immune response against bacterial infections. TNF-α also plays a role in the induction of septic shock, autoimmune diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammation, and diabetes. Human and murine TNF-α demonstrate significant cross-species reactivity. TNF-α exists in two forms; a type II transmembrane protein, and a mature soluble protein. The TNF-α transmembrane protein is proteolytically cleaved to yield a soluble, biologically active, 17 kDa TNF-α, which forms a non-covalently linked homotrimer in solution. Recombinant Murine TNF-α is a soluble 157 amino acid protein (17.3 kDa) which corresponds to C-terminal extracellular domain of the full length transmembrane protein.
Supplier:  PeproTech, Inc.
Description:   SCGF-α and -β are hematopoietic growth factors that exert their activity at early stages of hematopoiesis. The SCGFs are non-glycosylated species-specific cytokines that can support growth of primitive hematopoietic cells, and, in combination with EPO or GM-CSF, promote proliferation of erythroid or myeloid progenitors, respectively. Recombinant Human SCGF-β is a 25.0 kDa polypeptide containing 227 amino acid residues.
Supplier:  PeproTech, Inc.
Description:   PAI-2 is an inhibitory serpin expressed mainly in keratinocytes, activated monocytes, and placental trophoblasts. It exists predominantly as a 47 kDa, nonglycosylated, intracellular protein, which can be induced to be secreted as 60 kDa glycoprotein. The glycosylated and unglycosylated forms of PAI-2 are equally effective as inhibitors of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), the only established physiological target of this serpin. PAI-2 has a unique ability to form dormant polymers spontaneously and reversibly under physiological conditions. The physiological relevance of this property, which is neither a consequence of any mutation in the PAI-2 gene nor associated with any known disorder, is still unclear. However, it appears that the formation of intracellular, dormant polymers may be important for the controlled release of the inhibitor from PAI-2 producing cells. Plasma levels of PAI-2 are usually low or undetectable, except during pregnancy and in some forms of monocytic leukemia. Secretion of PAI-2 from the placenta normally occurs during the third trimester of pregnancy, and accounts for the dramatic increase in PAI-2 levels (up to 250 ng/ml), which are maintained at these levels until postpartum, and then rapidly decline. In addition to its vital role in protecting the placenta from degradation by uPA and/or uPA-activated proteases, PAI-2 has been shown to be essential for the prevention of metastatic spread of neck, lung and breast cancers. The beneficial effect of PAI-2 seen in these studies is presumed to stem from its ability to inhibit uPA-dependent cell dissemination. PAI-2 has also been reported to inhibit keratinocyte proliferation, and to participate in the innate immune response during viral infection. Recombinant Human PAI-2 is a 46.5 kDa, nonglycosylated protein of 415 residues.
Supplier:  PeproTech, Inc.
Description:   Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1, Serpin E1) is a member of the serpin family of serine protease inhibitors, and is the primary inhibitor of urokinase and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). PAI-1 is expressed predominantly in adipose, liver and vascular tissues, but is also produced by certain tumor cells. Elevated levels of PAI-1 are associated with obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease, and increased production of PAI-1 is induced by various obesity-related factors, such as TNFα, glucose, insulin, and very-low-density lipoprotein. The obesity-related elevation of PAI-1 levels, along with the consequential deficiency in plasminogen activators, can lead directly to increased risk of thrombosis and other coronary diseases. Accordingly, PAI-1 has been implicated as an important molecular link between obesity and coronary disease. PAI-1 can also specifically bind vitronectin (VTN) to form a stable active complex with an increased circulatory half-life relative to free PAI-1. Recombinant Human PAI-1 is a 42.7 kDa protein containing 379 amino acid residues.
Supplier:  PeproTech, Inc.
Description:   Prolactin is a neuroendocrine hormone secreted by the pituitary gland. Its primary function is to promote and maintain lactation during pregnancy and suckling. In addition, prolactin plays an immunoregulatory role by stimulating the activities of ornithine decarboxylase and protein kinase C, which are important for the proliferation, differentiation, and function of lymphocytes. Recombinant Murine Prolactin is a 22.5 kDa globular protein containing 198 amino acid residues.
Supplier:  PeproTech, Inc.
Description:   TNF-α is a pleiotropic pro-inflammatory cytokine secreted by various cells, including adipocytes, activated monocytes, macrophages, B cells, T cells and fibroblasts. It belongs to the TNF family of ligands, and signals through two receptors, TNFR1 and TNFR2. TNF-α is cytotoxic to a wide variety of tumor cells, and is an essential factor in mediating the immune response against bacterial infections. TNF-α also plays a role in the induction of septic shock, autoimmune diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammation, and diabetes. Human and murine TNF-α demonstrate significant cross-species reactivity. TNF-α exists in two forms; a type II transmembrane protein, and a mature soluble protein. The TNF-α transmembrane protein is proteolytically cleaved to yield a soluble, biologically active, 17 kDa TNF-α, which forms a non-covalently linked homotrimer in solution. Recombinant Murine TNF-α is a soluble 157 amino acid protein (17.3 kDa) which corresponds to C-terminal extracellular domain of the full length transmembrane protein.
Supplier:  PeproTech, Inc.
Description:   CD27 Ligand, a type II transmembrane protein, is a member of the TNF superfamily. It is expressed on activated T and B lymphocytes, as well as NK cells. CD27L and its receptor (CD27) regulate the immune response by promoting T-cell expansion and differentiation, as well as NK enhancement. CD27 signaling can act as a co-stimulatory effector to sustain the survival of CD8+ T cells, primarily by inducing increased expression of the IL-2 gene. Full length human CD27L is a 193 amino acid protein, consisting of a 17 amino acid cytoplasmic domain, a 21 amino acid transmembrane domain, and a 155 amino acid extracellular domain. Human soluble CD27L corresponds to the 155 amino acid extracellular domain of the full length CD27L protein. PeproTech’s Recombinant Human sCD27 Ligand contains the extracellular domain plus an N-terminal His-Tag. The calculated molecular weight of Recombinant Human sCD27 Ligand is 18.8 kDa.
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